아래에 주어진 빈칸추론 문제를 풀어 보세요. (정답은 샘플 강의에서 공개됩니다!)

001

       There is a lot of hype in the business press about the dangers of clinging to the past, and much of it is justified. But all the excitement about building better products and companies can make us forget that most new ideas are bad and most old ideas are good. After all, that is what Darwinism predicts. The death rate of new products and companies is dramatically higher than for old ones. Hundreds of new toys are introduced every year, yet most are flops. Even toys that are wildly popular for a while, fade from the scene, while Play-Doh persists. If there was truth in advertising, the slogan “innovate or die” would be replaced with “_____________________.” Tried and true wins out over new and improved most of the time.

① innovate and die      ② die or innovate     ③ innovate and dominate

④ die and innovate      ⑤ dominate or die

002

       Perhaps some will say that animals have some inherent value, only less than we have. However, attempts to defend this view can be shown to lack rational justification. What could be the basis of our having more inherent value than animals? Their lack of reason, or autonomy, or intellect? Only if we are willing to make the same judgment in the case of humans who are similarly deficient. But it is not true that such humans ─ the retarded child, for example, or the mentally handicapped ─ have less inherent value than you or I. Neither, then, can we rationally sustain the view that animals like them in being the experiencing subjects of a life _________________. All who have inherent value have it equally, whether they be human animals or not.

① have less inherent value                ② can make rational judgment

③ are blessed with inherent value   ④ are different from humans

⑤ are looked upon as superior

003

       While many have considered human cooperation primarily a learned behavior, recent evidence suggests that it may also have biological roots. In a brain-scanning experiment, some scientists found that when humans cooperated with each other, their brains lit up in the same neighborhoods that come to life when we win a prize, or eat a piece of chocolate cake ─ ___________________________ that respond(s) to dopamine and provides that glow of pleasure. In other words, we cooperate because it makes us feel good. And that may mean, some researchers speculate, that the urge to cooperate is, at some level, simply innate in humans. Perhaps our early ancestors needed to help each other to hunt big game, find more nutritious food, or raise smarter kids. The ones who successfully learned to work as a team might have had a survival advantage.

① a series of unexpected events          ② the inner reward circuitry

③ something irrelevant to learning      ④ powerful psychological stimuli

⑤ stimuli beyond our understanding